Differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells embedded in Matrigel restore parathyroid cell functions in rats with parathyroidectomy. > Newsletter

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Differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells embedded in Matrigel restore parathyroid cell functions in rats with parathyroidectomy.

 

by Prof. Inho Jo (inhojo@ewha.ac.kr)

Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine

Inho Jo, a professor of Molecular Medicine and director of Ewha Tonsil-derived mesenchymal Stem cells Research Center (ETSRC) at School of Medicine and his colleagues have succeeded in developing a system for parathyroid restoration, using differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (dTMSC) and Matrigel as a scaffold. This study was published in Biomaterials in 2015.


Hypoparathyroidism is a pathologic condition where parathyroid glands fail to secrete sufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH). Parathyroidectomy (PTX) mainly occurs as a largely unavoidable consequence of thyroidectomy. Since PTH plays a pivotal role in calcium homeostasis in the body, low PTH production and secretion lead to a lack of calcium in blood and bones. Severe and chronic hypocalcemia can be fatal, and the current treatment of PTH injection may bring complications. To treat hypoparathyroidism with less side effects, stem cell therapy can be suggested.


 Professor Jo and his colleagues previously established TMSC, a new type of MSC, from human tonsillar tissues after tonsillectomy. With this advancement, his team successfully developed a condition for TMSC to release PTH with increased bioavailability. According to their results, using chemicals such as activin A and sonic hedgehog, TMSC differentiate into PTH-releasing parathyroid (chief) cell-like cells significantly faster (7 to 10 days), and the amount of released PTH is responsive to the extracellular calcium levels. Furthermore, released PTH is also functional towards osteogenicity. Remarkably, when cultured three dimensionally in Matrigel, a commercially-available scaffold, dTMSC showed an almost complete recovery of survival rates (80% survival rate) as well as serum levels of PTH and iCa2+ in our PTX rat model, as compared with non-PTX rats. These results showed for the first time the potential of TMSC for a profoundly valuable resource for stem cell therapy.


Professor. Jo suggested the preclinical and clinical applications of TMSC for various kinds of chronic diseases including other endocrine diseases. To this end, this report opens up a new platform for the field of adult stem cell research.


Two patents were currently registered, related to the isolation and characterization of TMSC, and the differentiation of TMSC into parathyroid-like tissues.

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* Related Article
Differentiated tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells embedded in Matrigel restore parathyroid cell functions in rats with parathyroidectomy.
Park YS, Kim HS, Jin YM, Yu Y, Kim HY, Park HS, Jung SC, Han KH, Park YJ, Ryu KH, Jo I.
Biomaterials. 2015 Oct;65:140-52. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.06.044. Epub 2015 Jun 27. 

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